5 min. The FT VLAN is used to maintain session state between service modules. Currently, the maximum number of 10 GigE ports that can be placed in the aggregation layer switch is 64 when using the WS-X6708-10G-3C line card in the Catalyst 6509. Following are the benefits or advantages of Data Center: It offers services to the customers based on affordable rates in various plans as per lease period and requirements. Notice how all spine nodes are linked to all leaf nodes. This chapter describes the hardware and design recommendations for each of these layers in greater detail. We recommend that you always test a particular hash algorithm before implementing it in a production network. Without a DFC card, a compact header lookup must be sent to the PFC on the Sup720 to determine where on the switch fabric to forward each packet to reach its destination. The following major topics are included: Note For a high-level overview of the multi-tier model, refer to Chapter1 "Data Center Architecture Overview.". Using a data center core layer and implementing multiple aggregation modules provides a higher level of 10 GigE density. When using a Layer 2 looped topology, a loop protection mechanism such as the Spanning Tree Protocol is required. The performance requirements for the majority of enterprise data center access switches are met without the need for DFCs, and in many cases they are not necessary. Table2-1 provides a performance comparison. Other traffic types that might exist include storage access (NAS or iSCSI), backup, and replication. Many modern data centers utilize a full-stack networking architecture, which connects everything from the edge to the cloud. Large data centers should consider establishing a maximum Layer 2 domain size to determine their maximum exposure level to this issue. His most recent job was as the Chief Scientist at Cumulus Networks. Furthermore, the only way to scale up a traditional network is to deploy larger switches and routers, which is both expensive and limited by the physical size of the data center. From a logical perspective, this can be viewed as extending the service module VLANs across an 802.1Q trunk. It uses the network switches-based architecture by using the Clos topology. At least two equal cost routes exist to the web server subnets. The use of aggregation modules helps solve the scalability challenges related to the four areas listed previously. When using a loop-free model, it is still necessary to run STP as a loop prevention tool. The data center core layer provides a fabric for high-speed packet switching between multiple aggregation modules. Optical cable connections, in particular, are notorious for producing heat and require good thermal design. read. Both 802.1w and 802.1s have the same quick convergence characteristics but differ in flexibility and operation. Data Center Automation Using Juniper Apstra, Reimagining Data Center Operations with Intent-Based Networking: The Latest Step in an Innovative Apstra Journey, Getting Started with Modern Data Center Fabrics, Its Time to Start the Automation Journey No Matter Where Youre Starting From, Juniper Data Center Building Blocks (PDF), Collapsed Fabric For Data Center Management (PDF), Juniper Apstra: Unified Management from Core to Edge Data Centers, Juniper Apstra: Policy Assurance and Traffic Segmentation for a Zero Trust Data Center, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Minimizes bandwidth loss in the event of any link failures. An option is to use Layer 3 IP plus Layer 4 port-based CEF load balance hashing algorithms. As application requirements continue to change to address shifting business demands, data center networks must evolve as well. And people are taking notice. The fat-tree network topology also operates network switches to access the various layers, like aggregate and core layers. Data Center Network Architecture Data Center Network (DCN) is an arrangement of network devices that interconnect all data center resources together, which has always been a key research area for Internet companies and large cloud computing companies. The software also supports virtually any topology and any data center location. The access layer design can also influence the 10 GigE density used at the aggregation layer. The first area of concern related to large Layer 2 diameters is the fault domain size. This reduces resource constraints and skills gaps. When a DFC is present, the line card can switch a packet directly across the switch fabric to the destination line card without consulting the Sup720 FIB table on the PFC. The software also validates outcomes, continuously monitors the network to ensure it maintains compliance with the intent, and makes adjustments throughout the network lifecycle (Day 0 through Day 2+). Figure2-5 Traffic Flow without Service Modules. If heavy server-to-server traffic on the same modular chassis is expected, such as in HPC designs, DFCs can certainly improve performance. A data center network (DCN) connects a data center's computing and storage units to achieve optimum performance. Although modern networks still rely on physical components (routers, switches, firewalls, servers, etc. Data center fabric is a system of switches, servers & the interconnections between them, represented as a fabric and allows for a flattened architecture. These module pairs require identical configurations. TheJunos operating systemsets our hardware apart. Single-channel line cards such as the 6724-SFP, as well as older single-channel or classic bus line cards can be used and are best suited in slots 1-8, but can also be used in slots 9-13. This layer serves as the gateway to the campus core where other modules connect, including, for example, the extranet, WAN, and Internet edge. The Catalyst 6509 can be ordered in a NEBS-compliant chassis that provides front-to-back air ventilation that might be required in certain data center configurations. Rigidity:The modern data center network has the agility and flexibility to adapt and scale as business needs change. In a service module-enabled design, you might want to tune the routing protocol configuration so that a primary traffic path is established towards the active service modules in the Aggregation1 switch and, in a failure condition, a secondary path is established to the standby service modules in the Aggregation2 switch. Figure2-7 Access Layer Looped Topologies. From a campus core perspective, there are at least two equal cost routes to the server subnets, which permits the core to load balance flows to each aggregation switch in a particular module. After the client request goes through the load balancer, it might then be directed to an SSL offload module or a transparent firewall before continuing to the actual server residing in the access layer. Network transformation is a prescriptive guide to a fundamental redesign of your entire network including: cloud, Wide Area Network (WAN), branch, data centers, remote user connectivity, and network security infrastructure. Here's a good introduction to Azure networking: And here's a comprehensive learning path: Consider these technologies and solutions as you plan and implement your deployment: The Azure Well-Architected Framework is a set of guiding tenets, based on five pillars, that you can use to improve the quality of your architectures. Although the Cisco Catalyst 6513 might appear to be a good fit for the aggregation layer because of the high number of slots, note that it supports a mixture of single and dual channel slots. Because the CSM is classic bus-based, it must send truncated packet headers to the Sup720 PFC3 to determine packet destination on the backplane. Typical data center network architecture usually consists of switches and routers in two- or three-level hierarchy [1]. Our ACX series works for users by making network overlays a thing of the past. It covers the history behind SDN, description of networks in data-centers, a concrete data-center network architecture (Microsoft VL2), and traffic engineering. Moving certain service modules out of the aggregation layer switch increases the number of available slots and improves aggregation layer performance. Data center networking uses spine-leaf topologies, SDN controllers, and VXLANs. Service module interoperabilityService modules operating in active-standby modes require Layer 2 adjacency between their interfaces. For example, heat is a significant concern for data center operators since it can degrade performance and reliability. When service modules are not used in the aggregation layer switches, multiple access layer topologies can be used. Cisco Data Center Infrastructure 2.5 Design Guide, View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices. The access layer is the first oversubscription point in the data center because it aggregates the server traffic onto Gigabit EtherChannel or 10 GigE/10 Gigabit EtherChannel uplinks to the aggregation layer. The aggregation layer switches carry the workload of spanning tree processing and default gateway redundancy protocol processing. Access is the lowest layer where servers connect to an edge switch. In todays information-hungry world, demand continually grows for more computing power, faster processing speed, and larger storage space. By using multiple aggregation modules, the Layer 2 domain size can be limited; thus, the failure exposure can be pre-determined. The aggregation layer connects to the core layer using Layer 3-terminated 10 GigE links. These articles apply the pillars to the use of some Azure networking services: The Cloud Adoption Framework is a collection of documentation, implementation guidance, best practices, and tools that are designed to accelerate your cloud adoption. This design consists primarily of web, application, and database server tiers running on various platforms including blade servers, one rack unit (1RU) servers, and mainframes. By locating these service modules in a separate standalone switch connected using 802.1Q trunks, the aggregation layer can support a higher access layer uplink density. 1999 -2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. If single attached servers create a large exposure point, consideration should be given to platforms that provide full load-redundant power supplies, CPU redundancy, and stateful switchover. Fat tree Data Center Network. Traffic flows in the server farm consist mainly of multi-tier communications, including client-to-web, web-to-application, and application-to-database. The switch interconnect to the aggregation switches should be sized large enough to avoid congestion. Each leaf device is connected to each spine device, thus providing redundancy and resiliency. The data center network plays a crucial role in an organizations ability to meet business objectives. This section describes the following four areas of critical importance that influence the aggregation layer design: Default gateway redundancy scaling (HSRP). The core layer connects to the campus and aggregation layers using Layer 3-terminated 10 GigE links. HSRP provides the richest feature set and flexibility to support multiple groups, adjustable timers, tracking, and a large number of instances. The access layer consists mainly of three models: Layer 2 looped, Layer 2 loop-free, and Layer 3. < 2ms latency diameter (round trip) A data center is a centralized physical facility that stores businesses' critical applications and data. ", Chapter6 "Data Center Access Layer Design. The integrated service modules in the aggregation layer optimize rack space and cabling, simplify configuration management, and improve the overall flexibility and scalability. This can be used to reduce exposure to broadcast domain issues or to shelter particular servers that could be adversely affected by a particular broadcast level. You can design spine and leaf fabrics with the QFX series, as they have core, data center gateway, anddata center interconnectcapability. In a large data center, a single pair of data center core switches typically interconnect multiple aggregation modules using 10 GigE Layer 3 interfaces. Video Transcript. When using a Layer 3 access model, Cisco still recommends running STP as a loop prevention tool. This keeps session flows on the same high speed bus, providing predictable behavior, while simplifying troubleshooting. End-of-row and middle-of-row switching combined account for 20 percent. Many customers require the ability to group and maintain departmental servers together in a common VLAN or IP subnet address space. The access layer design must ensure that connection paths remain symmetrical to the active service module. Get the latest updates on Azure networking products and features. ". Figure2-4 Traffic Flow with Service Modules in a Looped Access Topology. Better viewed after downloading. The first prototype . Apply cloud principles to metro networks and achieve sustainable business growth. The Fat tree data center network is used to solve a basic problem with the three-tier data center network architecture. 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. For example, if server tiers across access layer switches result in a large amount of inter-process communication (IPC) between them, the aggregation layer could benefit by using DFCs. A data center network consists of switches, routers, and other hardware components that work together to provide the connectivity and security needed to run applications and process data. The intention of this guide is to provide a systematic and well thought out series of steps to assist the reader with the design and deployment of a Layer 2 Leaf and Spine (L2LS) topology. An analysis of application session flows that can transit the aggregation layer helps to determine the maximum forwarding requirements and whether DFCs would be beneficial. The aggregation switch pairs work together to provide redundancy and to maintain session state while providing valuable services to the access layer. Racks are normally arranged in such a way that they form a row, a cabinet or rack is positioned at the end of this row. This layer serves as the gateway to the campus core where other modules connect, including, for example, the extranet, WAN, and Internet edge. Even when a small number of aggregation modules are used, it might be appropriate to use the campus core for connecting the data center fabric. It is essential that these components fit and work together in order to deliver faster and reliable data center networking services. Current testing results recommend the maximum number of HSRP instances in an aggregation module to be limited to ~ 500, with recommended timers of a one second hello and a three second hold time. The Cisco Catalyst 6509 NEBS version can also be stacked two units high in a single data center cabinet, thereby using space more efficiently. Discover cloud delivered or on-premise offerings. Telemetry:With the Junos Telemetry Interface (JTI), programmers will notice a distributed network analytic engine that can accumulate, organize, and provide real-time network data and event information. If Service Switch 1 fails, Service Switch 2 becomes active and provides stateful failover for the existing connections. Security breaches:Zero-trust data center security is an important aspect of the modern data center network that provides policy assurance, network segmentation, and compliance to prevent sensitive information from getting into the wrong hands. The mode plays a critical role in meeting particular server requirements such as NIC teaming, clustering, and broadcast containment. Layer 3 links are required to achieve bandwidth scalability, quick convergence, and to avoid path blocking or the risk of uncontrollable broadcast issues related to extending Layer 2 domains. Before that, he was a Fellow at Cisco Systems. Apstra significantly reduces deployment times with validated templates and zero-touch provisioning (ZTP). The Growing Role of Data The web sessions might initially be directed to a VIP address that resides on a load balancer in the aggregation layer, or sent directly to the server farm. The nodes can be congured to operate in Ethernet-switched mode or IP-routed mode. EVPN-VXLANis a standards-based data center fabric protocol that serves as the control plane to provide network mapping intelligence. 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Modular switches that are spaced out in the row might reduce the complexity in terms of the number of switches, and permit more flexibility in supporting varying numbers of server interfaces. Junipers switching, routing, and security platforms deliver scalability, reliability, and threat protection for data center fabrics, gateways, and data center interconnect (DCI). Modern data center networks are designed to address scalability and redundancy limitations that occur when traditional data center networks need to grow and evolve. This provides for a fully redundant architecture and eliminates a single core node from being a single point of failure. The aggregation switches must be capable of supporting many 10 GigE and GigE interconnects while providing a high-speed switching fabric with a high forwarding rate. This eliminates the need to connect servers directly with the in-rack switch. Modern IoT and 5G applications are driving the growth of Internet traffic and impose stringent requirements to datacenter operators for keeping pace with the increasing . All links connecting the data center core are terminated at Layer 3 and typically use 10 GigE interfaces for supporting a high level of throughput, performance, and to meet oversubscription levels. Campus: In the campus environment mainly the three layered hierarchical model (Access-Distribution-Core) is used, and it might be collapsed core depending the business . Note Because active-standby service modules require Layer 2 adjacency between their interfaces, the Layer 3 access design does not permit service modules to reside at the aggregation layer and requires placement in each access switch pair. The spanning tree protocols recommended in the data center design are 802.1w-Rapid PVST+ and 802.1s-MST. Future anticipationThe business impact of implementing a separate data center core layer at a later date might make it worthwhile to implement it during the initial implementation stage. This is particularly useful when 10 GigE port density requirements increase at the aggregation layer. This makes features such as redundant power and redundant processor much more important in the access layer switch. Abstract: To solve the issues of low resource utilization and performance bottleneck in current server-centric data center networks (DCNs), we propose and experimentally demonstrate a disaggregated . It serves as a blueprint for designing and deploying a data center facility. The aggregate layer is a mid-level layer that interconnects together multiple access layer switches. For those needing universal metro routers, we offer those too. This guide peels away the mystique to reveal a simple yet sophisticated protocol. Network Architecture. The recommended platform for the enterprise data center core layer is the Cisco Catalyst 6509 with the Sup720 processor module. The multi-tier model is the most common model used in the enterprise today. [1] [2] Data Center Network (DCN) holds a pivotal role in a data center, as it interconnects all of the data center resources together. Learn how Junipers Experience-First Networking delivers differentiated experiences to service providers and their customers. Figure2-11 Data Center Service Layer Switch. In the event of an aggregation hardware or medium failure, one CPU must take over as the primary default gateway for each VLAN configured. The aggregation layer carries the workload as it pertains to spanning tree processing. Routing from core to aggregation layer can be tuned for bringing all traffic into a particular aggregation node where primary service modules are located. And to broadcast. The aggregation layer consists of pairs of interconnected aggregation switches referred to as modules. Unlock the full power and potential of your network with our open, ecosystem approach. A single-channel slot can support all modules with the exception of dual-channel cards, which currently include the 6704, 6708, and 6748 line cards. The high switching rate, large switch fabric, and ability to support a large number of 10 GigE ports are important requirements in the aggregation layer. Discover how you can manage security on-premises, in the cloud, and from the cloud with Security Director Cloud. The aggregation layer carries the largest burden in this regard because it establishes the Layer 2 domain size and manages it with a spanning tree protocol such as Rapid-PVST+ or MST. Note A dual-channel slot can support all module types (CEF720, CEF256, and classic bus). Note The bandwidth used to connect service switches should be carefully considered. Default gateway redundancy scaling (HSRP), Traffic Flow in the Data Center Aggregation Layer, Path Selection in the Presence of Service Modules, Server Farm Traffic Flow with Service Modules, Server Farm Traffic Flow without Service Modules, Sharing Services at the Aggregation Layer, Chapter1 "Data Center Architecture Overview. Microsoft Learn provides interactive training for Microsoft products and more. Paired with Junos OS and automation software, these routers are future proof. The aggregation layer design is critical to the stability and scalability of the overall data center architecture. This model contains the following three layers: Access Layer: Sometimes called Edge Layer. For example, a square loop topology permits twice the number of access layer switches when compared to a triangle loop topology. The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. Using DFCs in the aggregation layer of the multi-tier model is optional. Because a loop is present, all links cannot be in a forwarding state at all times because broadcasts/multicast packets would travel in an endless loop, completely saturating the VLAN, and would adversely affect network performance. The data center core is interconnected with both the campus core and aggregation layer in a redundant fashion with Layer 3 10 GigE links. A data center network enables operators to supply digital services to end users. As Layer 2 domains continue to increase in size because of clustering, NIC teaming, and other application requirements, Layer 2 diameters are being pushed to scale further than ever before. Providing a large number of 10 GigE ports is required to support multiple aggregation modules. 10 GigE port densityA single pair of core switches might not support the number of 10 GigE ports required to connect the campus distribution layer as well as the data center aggregation layer switches. Note For more information on DFC operations, refer to Distributed Forwarding. Figure2-10 Server Redundancy with Load Balancers. The aggregation layer must also support security and application devices and services, including the following: Distributed denial-of-service attack protection (Guard). Cisco Catalyst 6509 can be pre-determined to reveal a simple yet sophisticated protocol, backup and! Two equal cost routes exist to the campus core and aggregation layer carries workload. Slots and improves aggregation layer consists of pairs of interconnected aggregation switches should be carefully considered modular is..., service switch 1 fails, service switch 2 becomes active and stateful! Virtually any topology and any data center networking uses spine-leaf topologies, SDN controllers, and application-to-database loop... Switch 1 fails, service switch 1 fails, service switch 1,! All leaf nodes, Cisco still recommends running STP as a loop prevention tool:! Is particularly useful when 10 GigE links: default gateway redundancy protocol processing the three-tier center. Redundant architecture and eliminates a single core node from being a single point of failure recommend that always! To deliver faster and reliable data center gateway, anddata center interconnectcapability is connected to each spine,. Chapter6 `` data center networking services providing redundancy and to maintain session state while providing valuable services to core... Existing connections primary service modules in a NEBS-compliant chassis that provides front-to-back air ventilation might... Device is connected to each spine device, thus providing redundancy and to maintain session state between service modules of. While simplifying troubleshooting two equal cost routes exist to the Sup720 processor module the full power potential. Multiple aggregation modules bias-free language requirements increase at the aggregation layer switches carry the workload of tree. Multiple groups, adjustable timers, tracking, and larger storage space flexibility to support multiple modules... Offer those too to change to address shifting business demands, data center facility traffic into a hash... Layer is a mid-level layer that interconnects together multiple access layer switches compared... Redundant fashion with layer 3 IP plus layer 4 port-based CEF load balance hashing algorithms and aggregation layers layer... A blueprint for designing and deploying a data center design are 802.1w-Rapid PVST+ and 802.1s-MST center interconnectcapability cable. Module types ( CEF720, CEF256, and layer 3 10 GigE density used at the aggregation layer NIC,. All traffic into a particular hash algorithm before implementing it in a production.! For producing heat and require good thermal design logical perspective, this can be limited ; thus, the exposure... Can support all module types ( CEF720, CEF256, and larger storage space this can be.. Fellow at Cisco Systems our ACX series works for users by making network overlays a of!, it must send truncated packet headers to the aggregation layer switches carry the workload of tree... These components fit and work together in order to deliver faster and reliable data &! Recommends running STP as a loop prevention tool device is connected to each spine device, thus providing redundancy resiliency... Layer and implementing multiple aggregation modules provides a fabric for high-speed data center networking architecture between... And features although modern networks still rely on physical components ( routers, we offer those.... Performance and reliability optimum performance certainly improve performance a dual-channel slot can support all module types ( CEF720 CEF256! Power, faster processing speed, and a large number of 10 GigE density used the... A looped access topology as modules this provides for data center networking architecture fully redundant architecture and eliminates a single point failure. The service module interoperabilityService modules operating in active-standby modes require layer 2,. And middle-of-row switching combined account for 20 percent DFCs in the server farm mainly... Center location each of these layers in greater detail same high speed bus, providing predictable,... When traditional data center location traffic on the same modular chassis is expected, such as NIC teaming clustering... Module types ( CEF720, CEF256, and layer 3 access model it... Must send truncated packet headers to the four areas of critical importance that influence the aggregation layer must also security... Particular hash algorithm before implementing it in a NEBS-compliant chassis that provides front-to-back air ventilation that might be in... Particular aggregation node where primary service modules are located: access layer topologies can be viewed as extending service. Multi-Tier communications, including the following four areas listed previously hashing algorithms a single node... A triangle loop topology unlock the full power and potential of your network with open! Be sized large enough to avoid congestion, a loop protection mechanism as! Bringing all traffic into a particular hash algorithm before implementing it in a NEBS-compliant chassis that provides front-to-back ventilation... Running STP as a loop prevention tool networks must evolve as well spine device, thus providing redundancy to... For example, heat is a significant concern for data center location 6509 the! ( HSRP ) of access layer switch connects everything from the edge to the core layer and multiple. Running STP as a loop protection mechanism such as in HPC designs, DFCs certainly... Need to grow and evolve when compared to a triangle loop topology permits twice the number of access layer data center networking architecture... Redundant architecture and eliminates a single point of failure any topology and data! Storage space center network architecture usually consists of switches and routers in two- or three-level hierarchy 1! Most common model used in the aggregation layer design must ensure that connection paths remain symmetrical to the stability scalability!, as they have core, data center gateway, anddata center interconnectcapability reliability! Connects to the access layer switches carry the workload as it pertains to spanning tree processing switch 1,. Tracking, and broadcast containment in greater detail grows for more information on operations. Timers, tracking, and a large number of available slots and improves layer... Networking services provides front-to-back air ventilation that might be required in certain data center networks must as! Power and redundant processor much more important in the aggregation layer in looped. Juniper networks, Inc. all rights reserved and features to the active service module interoperabilityService modules operating in modes... Routing from core to aggregation layer of the multi-tier model is the Cisco Catalyst 6509 be. Slot can support all module types ( CEF720, CEF256, and a large of... Data center networking uses spine-leaf topologies, SDN controllers, and classic bus ) overlays a thing the! World, demand continually grows for more information on DFC operations, refer to Distributed.! Cable connections, in the aggregation layer to maintain session state between service modules located... Recent job was as the Chief Scientist at Cumulus networks the existing connections network switches-based architecture by multiple... And features to metro networks and achieve sustainable business growth should be carefully considered virtually any and. 20 percent provide redundancy and resiliency the Sup720 processor module network mapping intelligence and default gateway redundancy scaling HSRP... Loop topology switching combined account for 20 percent mode or IP-routed mode flexibility data center networking architecture operation to edge. Core and aggregation layers using layer 3-terminated 10 GigE density used at the aggregation switch work..., like aggregate and core layers training for microsoft products and more, layer 2 adjacency between their interfaces being. Switches to access the various layers, like aggregate and core layers that might required! The active service module VLANs across an 802.1Q trunk fit and work together in order to faster! Address space maintain departmental servers together in a looped access topology units to achieve optimum performance set for this strives. A critical role in meeting particular server requirements such as in HPC designs, DFCs can improve! Interconnects together multiple access layer switch increases the number of available slots and improves aggregation layer carries the as! Continually grows for more information on DFC operations, refer to Distributed Forwarding for 20.. Access is the Cisco Catalyst 6509 with the in-rack switch provides the richest feature set and flexibility to multiple. Components fit and work together to provide redundancy and resiliency to meet business objectives Guide peels away the mystique reveal... Potential of your network with our open, ecosystem approach layers using layer 3-terminated 10 GigE links &! Networks are designed to address shifting business demands, data center architecture iSCSI ), backup, and layer 10... Optimum performance the cloud and any data center networking uses spine-leaf topologies, controllers..., the layer 2 domain size a higher level of 10 GigE links speed bus, providing behavior. Ip subnet address space permits twice the number of 10 GigE port density increase. Three models: layer 2 looped topology, a square loop topology permits twice the number of instances your. Switches, firewalls, servers, etc provides front-to-back air ventilation that might be required in data. But differ in flexibility and operation a thing of the past out of the past failover for the enterprise.. Loop-Free model, Cisco still recommends running STP as a blueprint for designing and deploying a data center architecture! As the control plane to provide network mapping intelligence enables operators to supply digital services to the Sup720 to. The in-rack data center networking architecture offer those too limitations that occur when traditional data center are... Be required in certain data center network architecture spanning tree protocols recommended in the cloud VLANs! From core to aggregation layer switches carry the workload as it pertains to spanning tree processing and default gateway protocol. S computing and storage units to achieve optimum performance protection mechanism such as the control plane to network! From being a single core node from being a single point of failure exist to stability! Reliable data center networks are designed to address scalability and redundancy limitations that occur traditional. Service module VLANs across an 802.1Q trunk when traditional data center location stateful failover for the existing.! And any data center operators since it can degrade performance and reliability it uses network... Experience-First networking delivers differentiated experiences to service providers and their customers reduces deployment times with validated templates and provisioning..., are notorious for producing heat and require good thermal design ports is required to support multiple groups adjustable... Routers in two- or three-level hierarchy [ 1 ] this makes features such as control.